52 crafts · 10 peoples

Living Crafts
of the Bangsamoro

What the region weaves, casts and carves: where each piece is made, who still makes it, and where a visitor can watch it made or buy it from the hands that made it.

The cover of Pusaka: inaul, okir, a kris hilt, tepo weaving and the Grand Mosque of Cotabato City

From the Bangsamoro Commission for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage

Pusaka

Embodying Prestige of the BARMM’s Cultural Properties

The commission’s own coffee-table book of the region’s heritage, province by province: 78 cultural items, from the inaul and the brassware of Maguindanao to the okir and torogan of Lanao, Yakan tennun, and the tepo mats and boats of Tawi-Tawi.

cultural items
78 cultural items
provinces
5 provinces
pages
118 pages

Posted by the commission in February 2025, it still includes Sulu, which the Supreme Court ruled out of BARMM in 2024. For children, the commission also publishes Landung, a colouring book of the same heritage.

Textiles

Dress

Mats

Basketry

Brass

Pottery

Instruments

Carving

Ornaments

Blades

Boats

When to go

The festivals where these crafts are shown, worn and sold.

  • February

    Inaul Festival

    Buluan, Maguindanao del Sur

    Started in 2017 to promote inaul; features the Kapaginaul weaving competition, inaul gowns, a search for the oldest inaul and a trade expo. Reporting found covers 2017–2019.

    Source
  • June

    Lami-Lamihan Festival

    Lamitan City, Basilan

    Opens on June 26 at the Datu Kalun Shrine; a celebration of Yakan culture with a parade in hand-woven Yakan attire. 2025 was its 42nd year.

    Source
  • December

    Shariff Kabunsuan Festival

    Cotabato City

    Mid-December; highlight is the Guinakit fluvial parade on December 19 along the Rio Grande de Mindanao, with ornately adorned boats once used by royal families.

    Source
  • August

    Langkit Festival

    Marawi City, Lanao del Sur

    Week-long city charter celebration named after the langkit, with barangay booths, kulintang playing and a langkit competition.

    Source
  • April

    Okir Art Exhibit

    Cagayan de Oro (outside BARMM)

    BARMM trade ministry exhibit of Maranao baul, tapestries, paintings and okir jewellery; held in April 2024.

    Source
  • October

    National Arts and Crafts Fair

    SM Megamall, Mandaluyong City (outside BARMM)

    National crafts fair where a pandan mat weaver from Mapun, Tawi-Tawi, wove at her booth in 2025.

    Source

Every fact here is linked to the page it came from. Photos are from Wikimedia Commons under free licences, or from the commission’s book Pusaka, which its site places in the public domain; each is credited on the photo. Items cited to Pusaka come from the book, by page.

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Crafts of the Bangsamoro·Textiles

Maranao · Lanao del Sur

Langkit

langkit (Maranao)

Langkit are narrow, multicoloured woven strips that join and decorate the panels of a Maranao malong. A trained eye could once tell which part of the Lake Lanao region a person came from by the patterns of their malong and langkit.

Made in
Marawi City, Tugaya, Lanao del Sur
Materials
Coloured thread (silk, cotton or rayon)
Worn or used
Sewn onto the malong a landap, and now also used on dresses, shirts, bookmarks, straps and table runners.
Langkit bands running down and across a Maranao malong a landap, Honolulu Museum of Art

More like it

InaulMaguindanaon · Maguindanao del Sur

How it is made

The weaver chooses colours with the final pattern in mind, lays the threads on a warp board and moves them to a backstrap loom tied to a post, sitting on the floor and adjusting the tension with her back. Sequences are memorised without written manuals, and a seasoned weaver can finish a 1-metre langkit in a day.

Motifs

  • potiok, bud
  • dapal or raon, leaf
  • katorai, flower
  • pako or piako, fern
  • pako rabong, growing fern
  • mayan sa palaw, mountain-like
  • biabak, frog
  • sarimanok, the bird of legend
  • tinaburo, diamond shape
  • tuwak-tuwak, triangle or staircase

Makers

  • Dayawan Loom Weaving Producers Cooperative

    Marawi weavers' cooperative led by Saadia S. Abdulrahman.

    Source
  • Maranao Collectibles

    Began teaching langkit weaving to evacuees in Iligan after the 2017 siege; developed the Jardin Hybrid Loom, a raised-seat backstrap loom that won a 2023 grassroots innovation award.

    Source
  • Saadera "Dida" Shiek Basmala

    Langkit weaver since about age 8, demonstrated at the April 2024 Okir Art Exhibit.

    Source

Where to see it

  • Langkit Festival and competition

    Marawi City

    August; Marawi names its week-long charter celebration after the langkit, and the city government holds a langkit competition.

    Source
  • Weaving demonstrations

    Marawi City

    A group of expert women weavers holds demonstrations for tourists.

    Source

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